![]() ![]() In 1941 the laboratories at Fort Monmouth developed the SCR-300. Although important offensive applications have since been developed, radar emerged historically from the defensive need to counter the possibility of massive aerial bombardment. The SCR-268 and 270 were not radios at all, but for top security reasons were designated as such. The definition given in the first Signal Corps Field Manual on Aircraft Warning Service stated, "RADAR is a term used to designate radio sets SCR (Signal Corps Radio)-268 and SCR-270 and similar equipment". The term "RADAR" was first coined by the Navy in 1940 and agreed to by the Army in 1941. During its operation from 1941 to 1946, the officer candidate school graduated 21,033 Signal Corps second lieutenants. ![]() The Eastern Signal Corps Training Center at Fort Monmouth consisted of an officers' school, an officer candidate school, an enlisted school and a basic training center at subpost Camp Wood. To keep up with the demand for more signalleers, the CSO opened more training facilities: Camp Crowder, Missouri, Camp Kohler, California, and Camp Murphy, Florida. The single pre-war Signal training site was Fort Monmouth, New Jersey. The Army Chief Signal Officer (CSO) was responsible for establishing and maintaining communications service schools for officers and enlisted soldiers, ranging in qualifications from those holding doctorates to functional illiterates. Its organized components served both the Army Ground Forces and the Army Air Forces. Under the major reorganization of the War Department, effective 9 March 1942, the Signal Corps was one of the technical services in the Services of Supply (later Army Service Forces). ![]()
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